The experimental results showa significant effect of the presence of the Z-baffle on the heat transfer rate and
friction loss over the smooth channel with no baffle. The Nusselt number, friction factor and thermal performance
enhancement factor for the in-phase 45° Z-baffles are found to be considerably higher than those for
the out-phase 45° Z-baffle at a similar operating condition. The in-phase 45° Z-baffle with larger e/H provides
higher heat transfer and friction loss than the one with smaller e/H while the shorter pitch length yields the
higher Nu, f and TEF than the larger one. The numerical work is also conducted to investigate the flow friction
and heat transfer behaviors in the channel mounted with the 45° Z-baffles, and the numerical results are
found in good agreement with experimental data