Data and research needs include:
(1) Standardised methodologies for estimating aboveand below-ground Carbon stocks to improve the reliability of data.
(2) Consideration of other Carbon stocks often left out in estimates; these include deep soil Carbon (especially when trees are involved) and C in durable wood products.
(3) Predictive models to accommodate future climate and land-use changes and their implications for CO2 mitigation through agroforestry systems.
(4) Adequate understanding on issues such as pests and diseases and the emission of other GHGs, especially N2O and CH4 in agroforestry systems.
(5) More powerful methods to implement cost/benefit analyses of agroforestry-based GHG mitigation and to define incentives for widescale adoption of agroforestry systems.