Sensing is a pervasively used technology in nearly every aspect of hospital-based service starting from the simplest digital ther-mometer to complex laser-guided surgical tools[41]. For exam-ple, imaging sensing technologies (e.g., magnetic, X-ray), positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT) and ultra-sound are commonly used technologies for providing the medical staff with several insights into the health status of every patient. These sensors have played a crucial role in transforming diagnos-tic medicine. In particular, such information enable physicians to identify areas of injury or abnormality, conduct minimally invasive surgery, and assess the success or failure of a medical operation. For instance, in obstetric care, ultrasound enables the physician to track and investigate the developing fetus and determine any fetal or other abnormalities that may affect the health of the mother or baby. Furthermore, advanced sensing devices are uti-lized by pathologists in hospital laboratories to perform hematol-ogy, immunology, biochemistry, histopathology and microbiology functions. Sensors can also have a significant role in the medical treatment process. For instance, they are able to detect situations such as missed heartbeats. In addition, they can play a main role in optimizing the drug delivery process through determining the right time to provide a drug. Wearable, disposable vital sign sensors are starting to emerge providing low-cost, continuous monitoring of vital signs for patients, regardless of location or health status. It is estimated that by 2018, 5 million of such type of sensors will be