The letters Ě and Ů are practically never capitalized, because they cannot occur at the beginning of any word. These rather synthetic forms are only used in the small caps writing style, e.g. in newspaper headlines.
^ Jump up to: a b c The letters F, G, and Ó, represent sounds, /f/, /ɡ/, and /oː/ which, when not allophones of /v/ and /k/ in the case of the first two, are used almost exclusively in words and names of foreign origin. They are now common enough in the Czech language, however, that few Czechs have problems pronouncing them.
The letters Q and W are used exclusively in foreign words, and are replaced with Kv and V once the word becomes "naturalized"; the digraphs dz and dž are also used mostly for foreign words and do not have a separate place in the alphabet.