Subjects took part in 5 trials, during each of which they viewed a list of words and
then were tested on it in two ways, inclusion and exclusion. All of the words were five
letters in length with a three-letter word stem that could be completed in at least two ways
to make an English word. A total of 178 words were used for the experiment. One
hundred twenty of these words were from a list of words used by Jacoby (1998) and
were assigned to four experimental trials. Each experimental trial also had an additional
five words at the beginning and end of each list to avoid primacy and recency effects.
Another 18 words were used in a practice trial set at the beginning of the study