Three prospective cohort studies reported on use of NSS-sweetened beverages during pregnancyand preterm delivery (220–222). Results of meta-analysis suggest that NSS intake duringpregnancy is associated with a 25% increase in risk of preterm birth (Fig. 34). A dose–responserelationship was observed in the two studies that reported a significant association. Additionalanalyses suggested that the association was primarily for late preterm delivery (between weeks34 and 37), not early preterm delivery (