However, patient satisfaction was found to be greater in the ACNP group (p ≤ 0.04), even though they spent significantly less time than the junior medical staff (165 min versus 185 min, p = 0.01) preparing patients for surgery Other RCTs that have indicated that ACNP-led care versus usual care among discharged cardiac surgery patients have demonstrated comparable outcomes and highlighted benefits of ACNP-led interventions to assist patients to achieve cardiovascular risk reduction targets