Several introduced proteins have been subjected to in vitro tests to measure heat stability; a few processing studies have also been carried out to assess the impact on the functional activity of introduced proteins (Table 2). Results from these studies indicate that the introduced proteins tested are effectively denatured when exposed to temperatures/processes similar to those used to prepare
food fractions from corn and soybeans. The impact of food processing on the functional activity of introduced proteins may be relevant for other processed crops such as wheat and rice that are also typically cooked before consumption. It would not apply to food crops that are not processed and/or are consumed raw, such as certain fruits and vegetables.