Utilizing the computed affine transformation variables, the
presence of corresponding features in pairwise comparisons was
determined and quantified based on a simple point-matching
approach, still capable of handling small differences in scale or
local deformation (akin to constructing a bounding box or tolerance zone around each compared minutia) [10,11]. The actual
computation is shown in Eq. (1) (adapted from [8,20,21]) where n
is the number of minutiae that correspond, while p and q are the
total number of minutiae in the reference and test image,
respectively.