Expectancy theory: the major elements
Effort (I exert an effort…)
…in order to achieve…
Performance a particular level of task performance,…
So that I can realize …
Outcomes …certain outcomes (e.g.,pay or recognition)
Expectancy “will I be able to perform at the desired level on a task?
Instrumentality “what outcome will I receive if I perform at this level?”
Valence “how much do I want the outcome?”