To obtain concentrated soybean meal, the material is extracted
with ethanol. Chain alcohol, which contains proteins, is obtained
from the bran concentrate. The other liquid fraction, which is
rich in sugars, undergoes a process involving the separation of
solids and the evaporation of ethanol to recover the remaining
concentrated liquid, which is known as soybean molasses (SM).
This by-product is used in the animal feed industry. According
to Siqueira [8], a leading processor of soybeans in Brazil
produces 220 tons of soybean molasses per day. Soybean molasses
is composed mainly of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, fiber and
ash. The most abundant carbohydrates are sucrose, raffinose and
stachyose, present at percentages of 28.4, 18.6 and 9.7, respectively,
based on dry weight. Stachyose and raffinose are not
fermentable to ethanol by S. cerevisiae. This yeast hydrolyzes
sucrose into two fermentable monosaccharides, glucose and fructose,
by the action of the enzyme invertase, which can remove
the outer galactose molecule of stachyose but cannot hydrolyze
the remainder of the sugars in stachyose or those in raffinose and
stachyose [9].
The hydrolysis of stachyose and raffinose generates reducing
sugars and sucrose, a fermentable disaccharide. The enzymatic
degradation of this oligosaccharide requires the action of -
galactosidase and invertase [10]. -Galactosidases are found in
animals and plants and catalyze the hydrolysis of -1,6 glycosidic
bonds in a large variety of substrates with roles in cellular recognition,
the transport of sugars and glycoproteins and the organization
of multi-enzyme complexes [11].
The composition of the substrate SM has put it in a prominent
position, as this by-product has great potential for the production of
ethanol. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the production
To obtain concentrated soybean meal, the material is extracted
with ethanol. Chain alcohol, which contains proteins, is obtained
from the bran concentrate. The other liquid fraction, which is
rich in sugars, undergoes a process involving the separation of
solids and the evaporation of ethanol to recover the remaining
concentrated liquid, which is known as soybean molasses (SM).
This by-product is used in the animal feed industry. According
to Siqueira [8], a leading processor of soybeans in Brazil
produces 220 tons of soybean molasses per day. Soybean molasses
is composed mainly of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, fiber and
ash. The most abundant carbohydrates are sucrose, raffinose and
stachyose, present at percentages of 28.4, 18.6 and 9.7, respectively,
based on dry weight. Stachyose and raffinose are not
fermentable to ethanol by S. cerevisiae. This yeast hydrolyzes
sucrose into two fermentable monosaccharides, glucose and fructose,
by the action of the enzyme invertase, which can remove
the outer galactose molecule of stachyose but cannot hydrolyze
the remainder of the sugars in stachyose or those in raffinose and
stachyose [9].
The hydrolysis of stachyose and raffinose generates reducing
sugars and sucrose, a fermentable disaccharide. The enzymatic
degradation of this oligosaccharide requires the action of -
galactosidase and invertase [10]. -Galactosidases are found in
animals and plants and catalyze the hydrolysis of -1,6 glycosidic
bonds in a large variety of substrates with roles in cellular recognition,
the transport of sugars and glycoproteins and the organization
of multi-enzyme complexes [11].
The composition of the substrate SM has put it in a prominent
position, as this by-product has great potential for the production of
ethanol. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the production
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