Close monitoring and the skills and capacity to offer timely intervention
are required for all births to prevent adverse outcomes.
High-quality care in the second stage of labor is necessary to prevent
stillbirth and newborn complications arising from undetected hypoxia
and acidemia, as well as maternal mortality and morbidity from complications
such as vesicovaginal fistula, genital tract lacerations, infection,
hemorrhage [2], as well as worsening of hypertensive disease.