Bacteria are able to form complex surface-attached communities known as biofilms in the environment or in association with eukaryotic hosts. While biofilms benefit our society by their recycling activities and ability to modulate our immune response, biofilms can cause biofouling and disease. They can also act as a reservoir for foodborne pathogens and result in large-scale outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. Through protection via a self-secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances and ability of bacteria to coordinate their behavior, biofilms are incredibly robust and their removal is a challenge in clinical and industrial settings.