These two
factors work together and should not be regarded in isolation. However, push factors are
seen as the dominant factors as they can also have directive potential by directing tourists
towards certain destinations. The push and pull framework has been extended by Crompton
(1979) who included nine specific motives: escape from a perceived mundane environment,
exploration and evaluation of self, relaxation, prestige, regression (to adolescent or childlike
behaviour), enhancement of kinship relations, social interaction, novelty and education.
Riley and Van Doren (1992) support the usefulness of push and pull factors in film tourist
motivation and have examined film tourism as a form of promotion. The film’s role can be
tracked as an information source (or pull factor) and consequently influence the tourist
motivation (as a push factor) and the decision to travel to a destination.