We based our review on a definition that self-management
consists of a set of tasks that includes developing knowledge of
the condition(s) and treatment; medication management andadherence; self-monitoring of disease and symptoms; managing
the effects of illness on physical, emotional, and social role
function; reducing health risks; preventative maintenance; and
working collaboratively with health professionals.6,14 SMS
includes actions by health care providers (formal and informal)
that assist self-management.6,12 This definition assumes that
optimal self-management is the product of a partnership
between the patient, the family, and health care providers.