To assess affect at work we used 12 items of the Job Affect Scale that assesses participants’ experience of positive and negative affect at work during the previous week on a 5-point scale. The six positive items (JAS-PA) were: enthusiastic, elated, active, strong, happy, and excited. The six negative affective states (JAS-NA) were: hostile, scornfull, fearful, sleepy, placid, and sad. The positive and negative