3.2. Detection of food composition
High cholesterol content in blood is one of the major controllable
risk factors for coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.
Many foods contain cholesterol – animal brain, egg yolk, meat,
seafood, and milk-based products are known for their high cholesterol
content. Biosensors have been developed to determine cholesterol
content in food. Cao et al. proposed a biosensor using TiO2–
graphene–Pt–Pd nanocomposite coated with AuNPs. This biosensor
was suitable for sensitive detection of cholesterol (0.017 μM) in foods
(e.g., eggs, meat, margarine, and fish oil) [78].
Glucose is a fundamental energy nutrient, its concentration in
the blood reflects the energy status of the body, and alteration of
hypothalamic glucose in humans is associated with diabetes [79].
It is clinically important to do fast, accurate measurement of glucose
concentration in biological or food samples. Highly crystalline
manganese(II,III) oxide (Mn3O4)was deposited on a three-dimensional
graphene foam (3DGF) to prepare a flexible, free-standing