Memory task. Participants completed a modified version
of a memory task developed by Henke et al. (21) in
which relational encoding elicited greater hippocampal activation
than nonrelational encoding. See Figure 1 for an
illustration of the stimuli and task used in this study. Participants
completed four task blocks (with a 5-min restperiod between blocks) in the following order: 1) nonrelational
encoding, 2) recognition memory test, 3) relational
encoding, and 4) recognition memory test. Each block consisted
of 40 face–house pairings, each consisting of a color
picture of a face (male or female) and a house (from an
inside or outside perspective). Participants also completed
10 practice trials before both the nonrelational and relational
encoding blocks. All study and test images were presented
focally on a black background for 6000 ms, with an interstimulus
interval of 6000 ms. The visual angle of the images
subtended 8.6- in the vertical and 12.0- in the horizontal
directions. Stimulus presentation, timing, and measurement
of reaction time and response accuracy were controlled by
NeuroScan Stim software (v2.0, Charlotte, NC).