The physiological mode encompasses
the needs of the person necessary
for survival, growth, reproduction, and
mastery. Roy and Andrews (1991) described
“five basic needs inherent in
physiological integrity: oxygenation,
nutrition, elimination, activity and rest,
and protection” (p. 59). The interdependence
mode, on the other hand, is a social
mode because social interaction is
necessary for adaptation in this mode.
Tedrow (1991) stated, “the interdependence
mode is one in which affectional
needs are met” (p. 385).