260 Rita Berry
T&F Proofs: Not For Distribution
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There were two key elements in the professional development programme.
The fi rst element was the provision of an AfL implementation
framework mentioned previously, as the content or knowledge dimension,
to allow teachers to link AfL theory to classroom practice. AfL is a holistic
concept that is not easily understood unless it is further deconstructed in
concrete terms. The framework was used as the basic structure for increasing
teachers’ understanding of AfL in their professional development. It is
worth noting that the ten principles should not be viewed as separate entities;
instead, they should be seen as complementing each other in supporting
learning. In the framework, the ten AfL guiding principles are grouped
into three tiers with the fi rst one ‘Aligning Assessment to Teaching and
Learning’ (Principle 1) being located at the top, highlighting the contention
that assessment should be seen as an interconnected part of teaching
and learning and that assessment should be consistent with the objectives
of the course or the curriculum. The second tier emphasizes the teacher’s
role in using assessment for the purpose of supporting student learning. As
assessment can vary in form, depth or breath, teachers can ‘Explore the
Use of Multi-Dimensional Assessment Methods’ (Principle 2) and ‘Select
those Assessment Methods which Are Susceptible to Learning’ (Principle
3). Teachers may want to ‘Consider Drawing on Joint Eff orts among Colleagues’
(Principle 4) to brainstorm, plan, implement and evaluate their
AfL practices.