towards ICT. One might expect, then, positive attitudes will lead to more intensive use of it in
educational settings. Intensive use of ICT may not automatically bring about the success in
pupils’ attainment level in schools. However, some other studies claim that ICT can be used
to form positive attitudes towards any given lesson. Attitudes therefore play another important
role in the issue of integrating ICT in teaching and learning (Kao & Tsai, 2009; Yılmaz &
Alıcı, 2011).