Traffic signal systems can broadly be classified as either static or dynamic systems. Static systems are comprised of traditional pre-timed systems. At pre-timed traffic signals each signal phase is serviced in a programmed sequence that is repeated throughout the day. This kind of system can provide efficient operation with the assumption that the signal timings reflect the current traffic conditions. However, vehicular flow is unpredictable and varies in time. Under such situations the static cycle timings do not adjust to the variations in the flow. This creates traffic jams at road intersections and brings about the need to develop dynamic traffic signal systems.
Of the various existing dynamic systems, adaptive control systems are currently the most advanced and complex. These are similar to traffic signals based on a responsive technique (Liu, 2007) in which real-time data is used. But, instead of matching current conditions to an existing timing plan, the system uses an online computer to create an optimal plan. Hence, the need for a database of the timing plans is eliminated. Amongst the numerous existing adaptive systems a distinction can be made according to the mode they use to determine the timing plan.
Traffic signal systems can broadly be classified as either static or dynamic systems. Static systems are comprised of traditional pre-timed systems. At pre-timed traffic signals each signal phase is serviced in a programmed sequence that is repeated throughout the day. This kind of system can provide efficient operation with the assumption that the signal timings reflect the current traffic conditions. However, vehicular flow is unpredictable and varies in time. Under such situations the static cycle timings do not adjust to the variations in the flow. This creates traffic jams at road intersections and brings about the need to develop dynamic traffic signal systems.Of the various existing dynamic systems, adaptive control systems are currently the most advanced and complex. These are similar to traffic signals based on a responsive technique (Liu, 2007) in which real-time data is used. But, instead of matching current conditions to an existing timing plan, the system uses an online computer to create an optimal plan. Hence, the need for a database of the timing plans is eliminated. Amongst the numerous existing adaptive systems a distinction can be made according to the mode they use to determine the timing plan.
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