The notorious Chinese one-child policy has lead to a number of controversial effects. On one side, modern Chinese young men and women (born after 1978) are more educated than previous generations, as families can focus all their incomes on one child; also, the rates of consumption of various goods have increased. At the same time, the process of this policy’s implementation was accompanied with horrible violations of human rights, which stopped only with reforms and amendments to the policy. Also, children born under the policy will have to face an excessive burden of taking care after old parents and relatives – all on their own.