If your title does not state a key finding or impressive fact, then this informa‑
tion could also be placed in a subtitle. For example, the title, “Channel Conditions
Database Developed for In‑Stream Data” could have a subtitle such as, “Data from
multiple sources and protocols integrated seamlessly into a single comprehensive
spatial database.” In this case the what is described in the title and the why is
described in the subtitle. Another example would be a title/subtitle pair such as,
“Species Distribution Change over Time” subtitled with, “Five Species Tracked —
Four Show Significant Change.” You notice that unnecessary words are discarded
for the sake of conciseness and that the subtitle here is relating the key finding of the
study. A non‑analysis‑type map might use a subtitle to relate an important qualifier