The Components (Sub-Skills) of Critical Reading
Based on the steps of critical reading described above, it is clear that critical reading basically covers the activities of consciously asking some critical questions towards the texts one is facing. The following critical questions, adapted and compiled from Sparks and Johnson’s (1980), Kurland (2000a), and Spache and Berg’s (1994), are suitable for most kinds of printed matter: (1) Are the statements fact or opinion? (2) What is the author’s purpose or motif in writing this material? (3) What is the author bias? (4) How is the author qualified to write this particular material? (5) How recently was the material written? (6) What do I know about the publication of this material? (7) Who is the target reader? (8) Do I accept, reject, or defer judgment on the author’s material? (9) How has the author organized his material? (10) Does the writer employ emotionally toned words? (11) What is the relationship, if any, of the author’s ideas to my own experience? (12) What analogies exist in the reading? (13) What are the cause-and-effect relationships, if any? (14) What, if anything, is irrelevant in the reading? (15) Is there any fallacious reasoning or misuse of statistics in the reading? (16) What comparison can I make of present reading with previous reading? (17) What inference might I draw from knowledge I have gained?
The Components (Sub-Skills) of Critical ReadingBased on the steps of critical reading described above, it is clear that critical reading basically covers the activities of consciously asking some critical questions towards the texts one is facing. The following critical questions, adapted and compiled from Sparks and Johnson’s (1980), Kurland (2000a), and Spache and Berg’s (1994), are suitable for most kinds of printed matter: (1) Are the statements fact or opinion? (2) What is the author’s purpose or motif in writing this material? (3) What is the author bias? (4) How is the author qualified to write this particular material? (5) How recently was the material written? (6) What do I know about the publication of this material? (7) Who is the target reader? (8) Do I accept, reject, or defer judgment on the author’s material? (9) How has the author organized his material? (10) Does the writer employ emotionally toned words? (11) What is the relationship, if any, of the author’s ideas to my own experience? (12) What analogies exist in the reading? (13) What are the cause-and-effect relationships, if any? (14) What, if anything, is irrelevant in the reading? (15) Is there any fallacious reasoning or misuse of statistics in the reading? (16) What comparison can I make of present reading with previous reading? (17) What inference might I draw from knowledge I have gained?
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