Amniotic fluid embolism has to be discriminated from pulmonary embolism in the course of venous thromboembolic disease, aeroembolism (may occur after cesarean section) and fatty embolism (accompanies bone fractures). Advice to consider the possibility of cardiogenic and septic shock (sepsis) as well as aspiration syndrome (Mendelson’s syndrome) seems justified [9]. Postpartum atony of the uterus due to other reasons than atypical AFE should also be considered in differential diagnosis. A warning made by Thomson and Budd in 1965 [43] is worthy to remember: “…let us be careful not to make …the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism a wastebasket for all cases of unexplained death in labor”.