2.1.5 Recommended Prevention Methods
1) Proportion the concrete mixture to minimize bleeding and settlement. This may be done by reducing water content, increasing fine aggregate content, using fine particles like limestone dust, etc.
2) Sufficiently consolidating the concrete after placing to minimize the entrapped air voids.
3) Make sure that the formworks will not undergo excessive deformation or movement. Strength and stiffness of the materials used for making formwork must be high enough to prevent over-deformation of the formwork. Struts and supports for formwork must be strong to prevent movement. Stability of the formwork and shoring system must be ensured.
4) Settlement cracks, that are observed before the concrete achieves its final set, can be repaired by refinishing the surface of the concrete.