Group Types
Group interventions can be quite helpful for children (Gladding, 1999; Littrell & Peterson,
2002). In fact, groups can assist children individually as well as with larger issues (Schaefer, 1999).
Shechtman (2002) outlined three major group types:
1. Educational/Guidance Groups
Typically groups are targeted toward the normal population and may address social skills
issues including classroom behavior, school performance, and peer relations.
2. Counseling Groups
Typically these groups are targeted toward children with developmental challenges, with
these groups often addressing self-esteem and social challenge issues.
3. Therapy Groups
Typically these groups are targeted at severe adjustment and behavioral difficulties in
children, ranging from aggressive and violent behavior to eating disorders and severe
psychological disorders including depression and suicide.
Schaefer (1999) observed that, on an individual level, short-term group treatment can be most
effective in helping children develop adaptive processes for coping with a range of problems. Overall,
groups can be positive. Still, what types of groups are generally used? What “stages” characterize
group process? What legal issues need to be considered?