Soil sampling and laboratory analyses
Two land uses [agroforestry based conservation (AFCST) and
maize based conventional tillage (MCVT)], hereafter referred to as
‘‘land use types’’ both under 5, 10 and 15 years of cultivation, were
selected. The land use types were contiguous and have similar
environmental conditions (e.g. in soil conditions and slope) except
their differences in the land management practices. Experimental
design and layouts were performed by using a transect line
(Anderson and Ingram, 1993). A total of 48 soil samples