However, no precedent studies have evaluated the retention and transport in multi-metal systems (concretely Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) simultaneously added to mine soils amended with mussel shell. To fill this gap, in the present work two different doses of mussel shell (6 and 24 g kg1) were added to a mine soil with the aim of studying the effects of this amendment on the adsorption and transport of multi-metal systems including Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn simultaneously, using both batch and laboratory column experiments. The mussel shell amendment would favor the restoration of this kind of degraded soils, also providing added value to a by-product that is generated in huge amounts as waste material in various countries, especially in Asia,
Europe and America.