Experimental Design
An extended withdrawal design in which conditions
were presented in an ABCDEDCA sequence
was used (Leitenberg, 1973). The effect of existing
prompts alone was examined first. Following baseline
(prompts), the prompts were removed from
the menu (no prompts) and were then reinstated
(prompts). The effects of the three behavioral interventions
were then examined in an additive sequence.
The package of enhanced prompts, feedback,
and social reinforcement was added to the
existing menu prompts. Next, the lottery, in which
individuals earned chances for prizes, was added.
Finally, serving as a confederate was added. The
confederate, lottery, and enhanced prompts, feedback,
and social reinforcement procedures were then
removed in sequence to complete the withdrawal
phases of this expanded withdrawal design.