This variable has been examined prior to training (pre-training self-efficacy) and after training (post-training self-efficacy). Pre-training self-efficacy refers to the belief that an individual can acquire knowledge and skills during training. Post-training self-efficacy is the belief of an individual related to his or her ability to perform a specific task after training. If individuals believe they possess the capacity for learning, it is likely they will make the effort to acquire relevant knowledge and skills (Tracey, Tannenbaum, & Kavanagh, 2001). Conversely, if individuals believe they possess the abilities learned in training, they will make the effort to use what was learned in the workplace.