The curd manufacturing process determines the basic composition and structure of
cheeses. During ripening, cheeses develop their individuality and unique characteristics.
Flavor and texture development is largely controlled by complex biochemical
reactions, with glycolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic activities being the primary
events during cheese ripening.13,14 The extent of protein and fat degradation is determined
by the moisture, pH, and salinity in the cheese. Enzymes of various sources
result in the production of peptides, amino acids, fatty acids, carbonyl components,
and sulfur compounds. All biochemical reactions are usually limited to a certain
degree because excessive lipolysis can lead to rancid flavors, and excessive proteolysis
may produce bitter off-flavors or altered texture (softening) not characteristic for
the specific product. The sources for cheese ripening enzymes are