Our study found that providing a medication diary-book clinically improved the EFS-estimate in the overall population, even though not statistically significantly. Providing a medication diary-book did statistically significantly improve the EFS-estimate of pediatric patients with ALL with highly educated mothers (senior high school or higher). We did not find a significant difference in the EFS-estimates of patients with low-educated mothers. Even though we designed the medication diary-books to be simple and easy to fill in, its usage may still have been difficult for low-educated mothers. In addition, Indonesia has a 12% illiteracy rate and using a diary is not common practice.