working conditions; changes in belief and value systems; modifications in lifestyles; changes in health practices; and, alterations in childrearing. This is especially true on the eastern seaboard of Thailand where migration of people, from other regions of Thailand, has occurred for the purpose of employment. An increasing number of Thai men and women now engage in industrial work, rather than in work related to agriculture. As a result, these men and women have developed a culture of childrearing that is much different from the type of childrearing previously carried out in the agrarian society. Since an increasing number of women work outside the home, to help support their family, changes in childrearing practices have influenced them and their availability to other family members. Some parents now are unable to provide full-time care to their children and must rely on grandparents and child care centers/nurseries in their communities.