5.2 Factors for failure
The factors for failure are those occurrences that constraint proper/smooth implementation of ICT projects in government. These can either be barriers or inhibitors as described by (Khaled 2003, Gakunu 2004, Aineruhanga 2004, Heeks 2003a, Ndou 2004, Bhatnagar 2003, Saul and Zulu 1994).
Barriers can be considered as those occurrences that hinder ICT implementation. Some of these factors for failure are listed below.
• Infrastructure
• Finance
• Poor data systems and lack of compatibility
• Skilled personnel
• Leadership styles, culture, and bureaucracy
• Attitudes
Inhibitors do not necessarily prevent the implementation of ICT projects but they do prevent advancement and restrict successful implementation and sustainability. Some of these factors for failure are listed below.
• User needs
• Technology
• Cordination
• ICT policy
• Transfer of ICT idolisers
• Donor push