Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses were performed in raxmlGUI v. 1.3 with GTR+I+Γ model, which
was performed in jModelTest v. 2.1.4. One-hundred independent searches were performed, each starting with a
random tree. The best likelihood from each of these runs was selected as our maximum-likelihood estimate, and
statistical support for this topology was obtained by running 1000 bootstrap replicates in raxmlGUI v. 1.3.
Phylogenetic trees were modified by TreeGraph v. 2.0.47. Branches receiving ≥45% bootstrap support were
considered to be well-supported for 16S rRNA (Li et al. 2008). The outgroup Percocypris pingi (GenBank
Accession No. GQ406259) was chosen from the species closely related to the genus Onychostoma based on the
cyprinid phylogeny of Wang et al. (2012). Molecular phylogenies were used primarily to support the placement of
the newly collected specimens within the genus Onychostoma, rather than to resolve phylogenetic relationships
within the group.