Multivariate analysis, after adjustment, for patient
disposition, length of prolonged mechanical ventilation,
and Charlson score revealed no statistically significant
association between history of antibiotic exposure
(duration, number, and type) and antibiotic-resistant
infections (Table 5). Time interval since the last day of
previous antibiotic exposure alone was independently
associated with the development of antibiotic-resistant
infections. The association followed the same pattern as
observed in univariate analysis; it increased within 10
days, peaked significantly at 11 to 20 days, subsequently
dropped rapidly at 21 to 40 days and even more at 41 to
60 days. As presented in Fig. 1, the evolution of the
resistance rate increased from baseline (43.5%) to peak at
11 to 20 days since the last day of antibiotic exposure
and dropped to baseline when the interval was 41 to 60
days (45.5%). When data were combined and categorized
into 2 groups, an absolute reduction of 23.9% in
resistance rate was observed when the interval was
more than 20 days compared with an interval of 20 days
or less (Fig. 2).
Multivariate analysis, after adjustment, for patient
disposition, length of prolonged mechanical ventilation,
and Charlson score revealed no statistically significant
association between history of antibiotic exposure
(duration, number, and type) and antibiotic-resistant
infections (Table 5). Time interval since the last day of
previous antibiotic exposure alone was independently
associated with the development of antibiotic-resistant
infections. The association followed the same pattern as
observed in univariate analysis; it increased within 10
days, peaked significantly at 11 to 20 days, subsequently
dropped rapidly at 21 to 40 days and even more at 41 to
60 days. As presented in Fig. 1, the evolution of the
resistance rate increased from baseline (43.5%) to peak at
11 to 20 days since the last day of antibiotic exposure
and dropped to baseline when the interval was 41 to 60
days (45.5%). When data were combined and categorized
into 2 groups, an absolute reduction of 23.9% in
resistance rate was observed when the interval was
more than 20 days compared with an interval of 20 days
or less (Fig. 2).
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