Perceptual group are favored according to the nearness of the parts> Thus if several parallel lines are spaced unevenly on a page,those nearer together will tend to form groups against a background of empty space.Because whatever favors organization will also favor learning,retention,and recall,the law or poximity becomes the gestalt equivalent of association by contiguity.Patterning through proximity holds also within audition, as in the grouping of successive clicks.Then the proximity is temporal one. As it applies to memory,the law of proximitty becomes also a law of recency.Old impressions are less well recognized and recalled than new ones because the recent trace is nearer in time to the present active process .