After 7 days, a typical XRD
pattern of B-type structurewas observed, where the peak growth at
an angle of 17.4 was mainly highlighted. The RC was calculated
from the diffractograms and present in Fig. 3(b). According to the
analysis of variance, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the RC of
the crumb were found with storage time. The highest crystallinity
values was obtained at bread containing 10 FTS (27.2%), the growth
of these values during storage time being also the highest. In light
of this and the findings presented here, it was postulated that the
freezing/thawing-treated starches accelerated staling in bread by
altering moisture relationships and thereby increased the rate of
recrystallization. Several works showed that water content was the
major factor governing the bread staling crumb; such that it was
inversely proportional to the staling rate (Leon et al., 1997; Yi et al.,
2009). The effect of freezing on retrogradationwas the same as that
found by Meziani et al. (2011) who reported a rapid retrogradation
in frozen dough by decreasing the amorphous material with an
increase in crystallinity.
After 7 days, a typical XRDpattern of B-type structurewas observed, where the peak growth atan angle of 17.4 was mainly highlighted. The RC was calculatedfrom the diffractograms and present in Fig. 3(b). According to theanalysis of variance, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the RC ofthe crumb were found with storage time. The highest crystallinityvalues was obtained at bread containing 10 FTS (27.2%), the growthof these values during storage time being also the highest. In lightof this and the findings presented here, it was postulated that thefreezing/thawing-treated starches accelerated staling in bread byaltering moisture relationships and thereby increased the rate ofrecrystallization. Several works showed that water content was themajor factor governing the bread staling crumb; such that it wasinversely proportional to the staling rate (Leon et al., 1997; Yi et al.,2009). The effect of freezing on retrogradationwas the same as thatfound by Meziani et al. (2011) who reported a rapid retrogradationin frozen dough by decreasing the amorphous material with anincrease in crystallinity.
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