the specific sub-population of concern. Although the
concept of FSO has been proposed to be a specific derivative
of an ALOP established considering results of an
MRA study, an ALOP can be decided on without having
an MRA available. In practice, countries may
already have articulated public health goals without
referring to them as ALOPs or using Risk Analysis to
establish them. Also, FSOs can be set without formal
public health goals for instance as the hazard level at
consumption that would follow from complying to
existing microbiological criteria earlier on in the chain.