Active aging is not simply the participation of older individuals in the labor market; it is a much broader concept. Health advances have brought an increase in life expectancy over recent decades that has had an economic impact by increasing the labor supply, both quantitatively (people live longer, so they are available for longer in the labor market) and qualitatively (people are healthier and, thus, more productive). In developed countries, however, the quantitative has been exhausted once life expectancy exceeded the retirement age, and so the increase in longevity translates into an expansion of the retirement years, without significant changes in the labor supply. This situation, and the potential financial challenges involved, has led to a debate about the convenience and/or advisability of delaying retirement, with the result that many countries are increasing the legal retirement age. The main challenge, in fact, is not to increase life expectancy, but to extend the period of a healthy and productive life. In other words, the focus is – or should be – qualitative: on a healthy life expectancy.