Exhibit 13-2 reveals that the strategic-based approach carries over the financial and
process-oriented standards of the activity-based system, including the concepts of valueadded
and dynamic standards. None of the advances developed in an activity approach
are thrown out, but the strategic-based approach adds some important refinements. In
a strategic-based responsibility accounting system, performance measures must be integrated
so that they are mutually consistent and reinforcing. In effect, performance measures should be designed so that they are derived from and communicate an organization’s
strategy and objectives. By translating the organization’s strategy into objectives
and measures that can be understood, communicated, and acted upon, it is possible to
more completely align individual and organizational goals and initiatives. Thus, the measures
must be balanced and linked to the organization’s strategy