In this study, to increase the concentration of glucose approximately
60% of water was evaporated. According to Larsson et al.,
10% of hydrolyzate evaporation could remove more than 40% of furfural,
one of the major glucose degradation products and inhibiting
compounds in the fermentation process (Larsson et al., 1999). Further
evaporation could remove more toxic compounds, including
acetic acid, formic acid, and other lignin degradation products.
However, if water is scarce, they would produce glycerol to regulate
their cells, and the production of glycerol could hinder the ethanol