The preparation methods are like thermal hydrolysis technique [6], hydrothe rmal processing [7], sol–gel method [8–10], vapor condensation method [11], spray pyrolysis [12–14] and thermo-chem ical/flame decompo sition of metal–organic precursors [15,16]. These methods are difficult to produce relatively large quantities of nanoparticles at low cost.
For the production of large quantities various alternative methods are explored. Among them, solid state reaction method is an environment friendly, repeatable, low-tem perature and low-cost method and is thus of interest for practical applicati ons. The solid-state chemical reaction technique has provided a relatively simple and powerful method for controlling the size, shape and dimension of nanoparticl es. In the preparation of nanomaterials the stabilizers/surfact ants are used to modify the surface of nanoparticles to improve the stability of their suspension against flocculation [17]
The preparation methods are like thermal hydrolysis technique [6], hydrothe rmal processing [7], sol–gel method [8–10], vapor condensation method [11], spray pyrolysis [12–14] and thermo-chem ical/flame decompo sition of metal–organic precursors [15,16]. These methods are difficult to produce relatively large quantities of nanoparticles at low cost.For the production of large quantities various alternative methods are explored. Among them, solid state reaction method is an environment friendly, repeatable, low-tem perature and low-cost method and is thus of interest for practical applicati ons. The solid-state chemical reaction technique has provided a relatively simple and powerful method for controlling the size, shape and dimension of nanoparticl es. In the preparation of nanomaterials the stabilizers/surfact ants are used to modify the surface of nanoparticles to improve the stability of their suspension against flocculation [17]
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