Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the important characteristics of arid and semi-arid
regions in the world. Salinity and water stress affect plant growth and development.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a crop with economical importance in the
world. Sweet potato is an efficient and low production cost crop that is grown during
almost the whole year. However, it is sensitive to water and saline stress, situations
that generate yield reduction and loss in the quality of the tuber root. An experiment
was performed to determine the yield, proline and total chlorophyll content, and N,
Mg and Na uptake in plants from two sweet potato cultivars (‘Huambachero’ and
‘Untacip’) grown under three (2.0, 3.0 and 3.5 dS/m) salt and two water (watering
each 2 and 4 days respectively) stress levels during summer-fall conditions in La
Molina, Lima, Peru. The salt and watering levels were controlled by the use of the
soilless culture technique. The plants were grown in quarry sand and watered with a
nutrient solution containing a N, P and K concentration (mg/L) 125-20-200. The
increase of the salt levels decreased the yield in both cultivars. Under water stress
conditions, the yield decreased in ‘Untacip’, while no increase was observed of the
tuber root fresh weight in ‘Huambachero’. In ‘Untacip’ leaves, the total chlorophyll
content increased significantly when the salinity increased, but it decreased when the
plants were grown under water stress conditions. The proline content increased
significantly under salt and water stress conditions in leaves and tuber roots of both
cultivars. The increase of the salinity induced less N uptake in ‘Untacip’ when plants
were watered each 4 days. Water and salt stress induced less Mg uptake in leaves of
both cultivars. The Na uptake increased when the plants were grown under both
stress conditions. Proline accumulation is a common metabolic response of higher
plants to water deficits and salinity. Salinity and water stress decrease plant growth
by affecting N and Mg uptake required for cell growth and chlorophyll synthesis.
According to the results, under stress conditions, ‘Untacip’ was more tolerant than
‘Huambachero’.
AbstractSoil salinity is one of the important characteristics of arid and semi-aridregions in the world. Salinity and water stress affect plant growth and development.Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a crop with economical importance in theworld. Sweet potato is an efficient and low production cost crop that is grown duringalmost the whole year. However, it is sensitive to water and saline stress, situationsthat generate yield reduction and loss in the quality of the tuber root. An experimentwas performed to determine the yield, proline and total chlorophyll content, and N,Mg and Na uptake in plants from two sweet potato cultivars (‘Huambachero’ and‘Untacip’) grown under three (2.0, 3.0 and 3.5 dS/m) salt and two water (wateringeach 2 and 4 days respectively) stress levels during summer-fall conditions in LaMolina, Lima, Peru. The salt and watering levels were controlled by the use of thesoilless culture technique. The plants were grown in quarry sand and watered with anutrient solution containing a N, P and K concentration (mg/L) 125-20-200. Theincrease of the salt levels decreased the yield in both cultivars. Under water stressconditions, the yield decreased in ‘Untacip’, while no increase was observed of thetuber root fresh weight in ‘Huambachero’. In ‘Untacip’ leaves, the total chlorophyllcontent increased significantly when the salinity increased, but it decreased when theplants were grown under water stress conditions. The proline content increasedsignificantly under salt and water stress conditions in leaves and tuber roots of bothcultivars. The increase of the salinity induced less N uptake in ‘Untacip’ when plantswere watered each 4 days. Water and salt stress induced less Mg uptake in leaves ofboth cultivars. The Na uptake increased when the plants were grown under bothstress conditions. Proline accumulation is a common metabolic response of higherplants to water deficits and salinity. Salinity and water stress decrease plant growthby affecting N and Mg uptake required for cell growth and chlorophyll synthesis.According to the results, under stress conditions, ‘Untacip’ was more tolerant than‘Huambachero’.
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