For patients with significant fluid deficits, it is safer and more cost effective to correct fluid abnormalities using standard IV fluids (e.g., 0.9% sodium chloride in water, dextrose 5% and sodium chloride 0.45% in water, lactated Ringer’s solution). Minimizing PN fluid volume may be indicated in patients with fluid overload, such as those who receive large volumes of resuscitation fluid and/or multiple IV medications (e.g., critically ill, bone marrow transplant),