The scope of literature reviews consists of the following topics.
2.1 Theoretical framework
2.1.1 Pedagogical concepts
2.1.2 Linguistic competence and communicative competence
2.1.3 Krashen’s comprehensible-input hypothesis and CALL
2.1.4 Swain’s comprehensible-output hypothesis(qtd. in Hinkel 471)
and CALL
2.1.5 Computer-assisted instruction (CAI)
2.1.6 Computer-assisted language learning (CALL)
2.1.6.1 Definition
- Theory of computer-assisted language learning
Constructive learning theory (CLT)
- Constructive learning theory (CLT) and computerassisted
language learning (CALL)
2.1.7 The English Discoveries program: an overview
2.1.8 Motivation in learning Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Motivation
2.2 Previous studies relevant to the study