(1) it included at least one intervention whose main effect was to lower LDL cholesterol concentration; (2) it was unconfounded with respect to this intervention (ie, no other differences in risk factor modification between the treatment groups were intended); and (3) it recruited at least 1000 participants with scheduled treatment duration of at least 2 years. The main outcomes of interest were major vascular events, major coronary events (defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction or coronary death), stroke (subdivided by type), coronary revascularisation procedures, cancers, and cause-specific mortality.