The whole process takes from 90 to 120 min and according to Miedaner
(1986), the crucial processes taking place during wort boiling are: inactivation of
enzymes; sterilization; precipitation of proteins (hot break); evaporation of water
and unwanted volatiles such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS); isomerization of hop
α-acids; and the formation of flavor compounds through Maillard reaction. After
separation of hot break and cooling, the wort is aerated and it is ready for pitching.